:root {
    --ink: #0e0d0a;
    --paper: #f5f0e8;
    --cream: #ede7d9;
    --gold: #b8973a;
    --gold-light: #d4af5a;
    --rust: #8c3a2a;
    --slate: #2a2e35;
    --muted: #7a7469;
    --rule: #c8bfab;
    --col-gap: 28px;
  }

  *, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }

  html { scroll-behavior: smooth; }

  body {
    background: var(--paper);
    color: var(--ink);
    font-family: 'Jost', sans-serif;
    font-weight: 300;
    line-height: 1.6;
    overflow-x: hidden;
  }

  /* ─── NOISE TEXTURE OVERLAY ─── */
  body::before {
    content: '';
    position: fixed;
    inset: 0;
    background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg viewBox='0 0 256 256' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3E%3Cfilter id='n'%3E%3CfeTurbulence type='fractalNoise' baseFrequency='0.9' numOctaves='4' stitchTiles='stitch'/%3E%3C/filter%3E%3Crect width='100%25' height='100%25' filter='url(%23n)' opacity='0.035'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
    pointer-events: none;
    z-index: 1000;
    opacity: 0.6;
  }

  /* ─── MASTHEAD ─── */
  .masthead {
    border-bottom: 3px double var(--ink);
    padding: 0 40px;
    background: var(--paper);
    position: sticky;
    top: 0;
    z-index: 100;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 12px rgba(14,13,10,0.08);
  }

  .masthead-top {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    padding: 10px 0 6px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
    font-size: 0.68rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.18em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--muted);
    font-weight: 400;
  }

  .masthead-top .date-line {
    font-family: 'Jost', sans-serif;
  }

  .masthead-top .issue-info {
    color: var(--gold);
    font-weight: 500;
  }

  .masthead-title-row {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 18px 0 12px;
  }

  .masthead-eyebrow {
    font-family: 'Jost', sans-serif;
    font-weight: 200;
    letter-spacing: 0.45em;
    font-size: 0.62rem;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--gold);
    margin-bottom: 4px;
  }

  .masthead-logo {
    font-family: 'Cormorant Garamond', serif;
    font-weight: 700;
    font-size: clamp(3.2rem, 7vw, 6.5rem);
    letter-spacing: -0.01em;
    line-height: 1;
    color: var(--ink);
    text-transform: uppercase;
    position: relative;
  }

  .masthead-logo span {
    color: var(--gold);
  }

  .masthead-subtitle {
    font-family: 'IM Fell English', serif;
    font-style: italic;
    font-size: 1.67rem;
    color: var(--muted);
    letter-spacing: 0.04em;
    margin-top: 5px;
  }

  /* ─── NAV ─── */
  .nav-strip {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 0;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
    padding: 8px 0;
  }

  .nav-strip a {
    font-family: 'Jost', sans-serif;
    font-weight: 400;
    font-size: 0.7rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.22em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--ink);
    text-decoration: none;
    padding: 4px 18px;
    border-right: 1px solid var(--rule);
    transition: color 0.2s;
  }

  .nav-strip a:last-child { border-right: none; }
  .nav-strip a:hover { color: var(--gold); }
  .nav-strip a.active { color: var(--rust); font-weight: 500; }

  /* ─── MAIN WRAPPER ─── */
  .container {
    max-width: 1280px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 40px;
  }

  /* ─── SECTION DIVIDER ─── */
  .section-rule {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 14px;
    margin: 44px 0 28px;
  }

  .section-rule::before,
  .section-rule::after {
    content: '';
    flex: 1;
    height: 1px;
    background: var(--ink);
  }

  .section-rule-label {
    font-family: 'Jost', sans-serif;
    font-size: 0.65rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    letter-spacing: 0.35em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--ink);
    white-space: nowrap;
  }

  .section-rule-label span {
    color: var(--gold);
  }

  /* ─── HERO ─── */
  .hero {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 380px;
    gap: var(--col-gap);
    padding: 36px 0 0;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--ink);
    margin-bottom: 0;
  }

  .hero-main {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0;
    border-right: 1px solid var(--rule);
    padding-right: var(--col-gap);
    padding-bottom: 36px;
  }

  .hero-label {
    font-family: 'Jost', sans-serif;
    font-size: 0.62rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    letter-spacing: 0.3em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--rust);
    margin-bottom: 14px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
  }

  .hero-label::after {
    content: '';
    display: inline-block;
    width: 30px;
    height: 1px;
    background: var(--rust);
  }

  .hero-image-wrap {
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    aspect-ratio: 16/9;
    margin-bottom: 24px;
  }

  .hero-image-wrap img,
  .hero-image-wrap .img-placeholder {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    display: block;
    transition: transform 0.6s ease;
  }

  .hero-image-wrap:hover .img-placeholder {
    transform: scale(1.02);
  }

  .img-placeholder {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #c9bfb0 0%, #a8998a 50%, #7a6e62 100%);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
  }

  .img-placeholder::before {
    content: attr(data-label);
    font-family: 'Cormorant Garamond', serif;
    font-style: italic;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    color: rgba(255,255,255,0.6);
    letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  }

  .img-placeholder.dark {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #2a2420 0%, #3d3530 50%, #1a1715 100%);
  }

  .img-placeholder.gold {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #4a3a18 0%, #7a5f28 40%, #b8973a 100%);
  }

  .img-placeholder.rust {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #3a1a12 0%, #6a2a1a 50%, #8c3a2a 100%);
  }

  .img-placeholder.teal {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #0d2a2a 0%, #1a4040 50%, #2a6060 100%);
  }

  .img-placeholder.indigo {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #1a1a3a 0%, #2a2a5a 50%, #3a3a7a 100%);
  }

  .img-placeholder.moss {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #1a2a10 0%, #2a4018 50%, #3a5a22 100%);
  }

  .hero-headline {
    font-family: 'Cormorant Garamond', serif;
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: clamp(2.1rem, 3.5vw, 3.2rem);
    line-height: 1.12;
    letter-spacing: -0.01em;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
    color: var(--ink);
  }

  .hero-deck {
    font-family: 'IM Fell English', serif;
    font-style: italic;
    font-size: 1.08rem;
    color: var(--slate);
    line-height: 1.55;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    max-width: 560px;
  }

  .hero-byline {
    font-size: 0.68rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.15em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--muted);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
  }

  .hero-byline strong {
    color: var(--gold);
    font-weight: 500;
  }

  /* ─── HERO SIDEBAR ─── */
  .hero-sidebar {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0;
    padding-bottom: 36px;
  }

  .sidebar-item {
    padding: 18px 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: background 0.15s;
  }

  .sidebar-item:last-child { border-bottom: none; }

  .sidebar-item:hover .sidebar-headline {
    color: var(--gold);
  }

  .sidebar-item-label {
    font-size: 0.58rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.28em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--rust);
    font-weight: 500;
    margin-bottom: 6px;
  }

  .sidebar-headline {
    font-family: 'Cormorant Garamond', serif;
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    line-height: 1.25;
    color: var(--ink);
    margin-bottom: 6px;
    transition: color 0.2s;
  }

  .sidebar-excerpt {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    color: var(--muted);
    line-height: 1.5;
    display: -webkit-box;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 2;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
    overflow: hidden;
  }
  
  

  /* ─── ARTICLE GRID ─── */
  .article-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
    gap: 0;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--ink);
  }

  .article-card {
    padding: 32px var(--col-gap) 32px 0;
    border-right: 1px solid var(--rule);
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: none;
  }

  .article-card:last-child {
    border-right: none;
    padding-right: 0;
    padding-left: var(--col-gap);
  }

  .article-card:nth-child(2) {
    padding-left: var(--col-gap);
  }

  .article-card:hover .article-headline {
    color: var(--gold);
  }

  .article-img-wrap {
    aspect-ratio: 4/3;
    overflow: hidden;
    margin-bottom: 18px;
  }

  .article-img-wrap .img-placeholder {
    transition: transform 0.5s ease;
  }

  .article-card:hover .article-img-wrap .img-placeholder {
    transform: scale(1.03);
  }

  .article-tag {
    font-size: 0.58rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.28em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    font-weight: 500;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 2px 8px;
    border: 1px solid currentColor;
  }

  .article-tag.essay { color: var(--rust); }
  .article-tag.critique { color: var(--slate); }
  .article-tag.manifesto { color: var(--gold); }

  .article-headline {
    font-family: 'Cormorant Garamond', serif;
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 1.55rem;
    line-height: 1.18;
    margin-bottom: 12px;
    transition: color 0.2s;
  }

  .article-excerpt {
    font-size: 0.83rem;
    color: var(--muted);
    line-height: 1.6;
    margin-bottom: 14px;
    display: -webkit-box;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 3;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
    overflow: hidden;
  }

  .article-meta {
    font-size: 0.62rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.15em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--muted);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 10px;
  }

  .article-meta strong { color: var(--gold); font-weight: 500; }

  .article-meta::before {
    content: '';
    display: inline-block;
    width: 20px;
    height: 1px;
    background: var(--rule);
  }

  /* ─── FULL-WIDTH FEATURE ─── */
  .feature-band {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 55% 1fr;
    gap: 0;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--ink);
    margin: 0;
  }

  .feature-band-image {
    aspect-ratio: 3/2;
    overflow: hidden;
    border-right: 1px solid var(--rule);
  }

  .feature-band-image .img-placeholder {
    height: 100%;
    transition: transform 0.7s ease;
  }

  .feature-band:hover .feature-band-image .img-placeholder {
    transform: scale(1.02);
  }

  .feature-band-content {
    padding: 40px 40px 40px 44px;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: center;
    background: var(--ink);
    color: var(--paper);
  }

  .feature-band-label {
    font-size: 0.6rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.35em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--gold-light);
    font-weight: 500;
    margin-bottom: 18px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 10px;
  }

  .feature-band-label::before {
    content: '';
    width: 24px;
    height: 1px;
    background: var(--gold-light);
  }

  .feature-band-headline {
    font-family: 'Cormorant Garamond', serif;
    font-weight: 300;
    font-size: clamp(2rem, 3vw, 3rem);
    line-height: 1.15;
    letter-spacing: -0.01em;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    color: var(--paper);
  }

  .feature-band-body {
    font-family: 'Cormorant Garamond', serif;
    /*font-style: italic;*/
    font-size: 1.8rem;
    line-height: 2.0;
    color: rgba(245,240,232,0.7);
    margin-bottom: 24px;
  }

  .feature-band-byline {
    font-size: 0.65rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.18em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: rgba(245,240,232,0.45);
  }

  .feature-band-byline strong {
    color: var(--gold-light);
    font-weight: 400;
  }

  /* ─── READ MORE BUTTON ─── */
  .read-more {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 10px;
    font-size: 0.62rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.3em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    text-decoration: none;
    color: var(--gold-light);
    font-weight: 500;
    margin-top: 20px;
    transition: gap 0.2s;
    cursor: pointer;
  }

  .read-more::after {
    content: '→';
    transition: transform 0.2s;
  }

  .read-more:hover { gap: 16px; }
  .read-more:hover::after { transform: translateX(4px); }

  .read-more.dark {
    color: var(--ink);
  }

  /* ─── GALLERY GRID ─── */
  .gallery-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
    gap: 0;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--ink);
  }

  .gallery-item {
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    aspect-ratio: 3/4;
    border-right: 1px solid var(--rule);
    cursor: pointer;
  }

  .gallery-item:last-child { border-right: none; }

  .gallery-item .img-placeholder {
    height: 100%;
    transition: transform 0.5s ease;
  }

  .gallery-item:hover .img-placeholder {
    transform: scale(1.04);
  }

  .gallery-overlay {
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    background: linear-gradient(to top, rgba(14,13,10,0.85) 0%, transparent 55%);
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: flex-end;
    padding: 20px 16px;
    opacity: 0;
    transition: opacity 0.3s ease;
  }

  .gallery-item:hover .gallery-overlay {
    opacity: 1;
  }

  .gallery-title {
    font-family: 'Cormorant Garamond', serif;
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    color: var(--paper);
    line-height: 1.2;
    margin-bottom: 4px;
  }

  .gallery-medium {
    font-size: 0.6rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.2em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--gold-light);
  }

  /* ─── TWO-COLUMN ESSAYS ─── */
  .essays-row {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 0;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--ink);
  }

  .essay-col {
    padding: 36px var(--col-gap) 36px 0;
    border-right: 1px solid var(--rule);
  }

  .essay-col:last-child {
    border-right: none;
    padding-right: 0;
    padding-left: var(--col-gap);
  }

  .essay-number {
    font-family: 'Cormorant Garamond', serif;
    font-weight: 300;
    font-size: 4rem;
    line-height: 1;
    color: var(--rule);
    float: left;
    margin-right: 14px;
    margin-top: -8px;
  }

  .essay-headline {
    font-family: 'Cormorant Garamond', serif;
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 1.8rem;
    line-height: 1.2;
    margin-bottom: 14px;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: color 0.2s;
  }

  .essay-headline:hover { color: var(--gold); }

  .essay-body {
    font-size: 1.35rem;
    line-height: 2.5;
    color: var(--slate);
    margin-bottom: 16px;
    clear: both;
  }

  /* ─── QUOTE BAND ─── */
  .quote-band {
    background: var(--cream);
    border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--ink);
    padding: 60px 140px;
    text-align: center;
    position: relative;
  }

  .quote-band::before {
    content: '\201C';
    font-family: 'Cormorant Garamond', serif;
    font-size: 12rem;
    line-height: 0;
    color: var(--rule);
    position: absolute;
    top: 80px;
    left: 60px;
  }

  .quote-text {
    font-family: 'Cormorant Garamond', serif;
    font-weight: 300;
    font-style: italic;
    font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 2.5vw, 2.2rem);
    line-height: 1.45;
    color: var(--ink);
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
  }

  .quote-attr {
    font-size: 0.65rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.28em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--gold);
    font-weight: 500;
  }

  /* ─── FOOTER ─── */
  footer {
    background: var(--ink);
    color: var(--paper);
    padding: 60px 40px 40px;
  }

  .footer-inner {
    max-width: 1280px;
    margin: 0 auto;
  }

  .footer-logo {
    font-family: 'Cormorant Garamond', serif;
    font-weight: 700;
    font-size: 3rem;
    letter-spacing: -0.01em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--paper);
    margin-bottom: 6px;
  }

  .footer-logo span { color: var(--gold); }

  .footer-tagline {
    font-family: 'IM Fell English', serif;
    font-style: italic;
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    color: rgba(245,240,232,0.5);
    margin-bottom: 40px;
  }

  .footer-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
    gap: 40px;
    border-top: 1px solid rgba(200,191,171,0.2);
    padding-top: 36px;
    margin-bottom: 40px;
  }

  .footer-col-title {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.3em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--gold);
    font-weight: 500;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
  }

  .footer-col a {
    display: block;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: rgba(245,240,232,0.5);
    text-decoration: none;
    margin-bottom: 8px;
    transition: color 0.2s;
  }

  .footer-col a:hover { color: var(--paper); }

  .footer-bottom {
    border-top: 1px solid rgba(200,191,171,0.2);
    padding-top: 20px;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.1em;
    color: rgba(245,240,232,0.3);
    text-transform: uppercase;
  }

  /* ─── ANIMATIONS ─── */
  @keyframes fadeUp {
    from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(24px); }
    to   { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }
  }

  .fade-up {
    animation: fadeUp 0.7s ease forwards;
    opacity: 0;
  }

  .delay-1 { animation-delay: 0.1s; }
  .delay-2 { animation-delay: 0.22s; }
  .delay-3 { animation-delay: 0.34s; }
  .delay-4 { animation-delay: 0.46s; }
  .delay-5 { animation-delay: 0.58s; }

  /* ─── TICKER ─── */
  .ticker-wrap {
    background: var(--ink);
    overflow: hidden;
    padding: 10px 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--gold);
  }

  .ticker-inner {
    display: flex;
    gap: 60px;
    animation: ticker 28s linear infinite;
    white-space: nowrap;
  }

  .ticker-item {
    font-size: 0.62rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.28em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: white;
    font-weight: 400;
    flex-shrink: 0;
  }

  .ticker-sep {
    color: var(--rust);
    font-size: 0.5rem;
  }

  @keyframes ticker {
    from { transform: translateX(0); }
    to   { transform: translateX(-50%); }
  }

  /* ─── RESPONSIVE ─── */
  @media (max-width: 900px) {
    .container { padding: 0 20px; }
    .masthead { padding: 0 20px; }
    .hero { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .hero-main { border-right: none; padding-right: 0; }
    .hero-sidebar { border-top: 2px solid var(--ink); padding-top: 24px; }
    .article-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
    .article-card:last-child { border-right: 1px solid var(--rule); }
    .gallery-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
    .feature-band { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .feature-band-image { aspect-ratio: 16/9; }
    .essays-row { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .essay-col:last-child { padding-left: 0; border-left: none; border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); }
    .quote-band { padding: 40px 30px; }
    .quote-band::before { display: none; }
    .footer-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
  }